How to Read a Scientific Article

1. Read the abstract: The abstract gives a brief over-view of the importance of the paper, the big question being asked, and the main results. It is helpful to keep the main points of the abstract in mind when reading a paper. It will guide you to accepting or rejecting the conclusions of the paper.

2. Summarize the introduction: The introduction gives vital background information on the state of the research in question, as well as outlines what the paper is about. Pay attention to the specific questions that the researcher(s) seek to test.

3. Identify the data: This can be quick. Make a list of the type(s) of data used. For example, are the researcher(s) using data collected from the field, proxies, or meta-data? Keep in mind how this is appropriate to test the question(s). If need be, draw out the methods the experiment.

4. Comprehend the graphs: Spend the time needed to understand the graphs. Identify the axes, then look at the data points. If it is a regression, be sure to identify the trend(s) shown in the graphs. If it is a bar graph, understand the pattern(s). If it is a time-series graph, then note the pattern over time.

5. Summarize results: Make note of what the researcher(s) say are significant or non-significant. How does it lend support (or not) to their hypothesis? How does it help answer their questions?

6. Identify main points in conclusion: This gives a summary of what the researchers found, and often points to the next steps. Do you agree with the conclusions? What are the weaknesses in the paper? What are the strengths in the paper? Remember, be critical; skepticism is good, but accept evidence when given.